Knowledge of Mouza Map and Compass Survey
In surveying, understanding land records and methods of direction measurement is essential. Two important topics in ITI Draughtsman Civil are the Mouza Map and Compass Survey. These help in identifying land boundaries and measuring directions accurately in the field.
1. Mouza Map
Definition
A Mouza Map is a cadastral map that shows the details of land parcels, boundaries, fields, roads, water bodies, and other features of a particular village or area (called a mouza). It is mainly used for land records and revenue purposes.
Features of Mouza Map
- Shows boundaries of individual plots or fields.
- Each plot is assigned a unique number.
- Includes roads, canals, rivers, and other features.
- Prepared to a specific scale.
- Used by revenue departments and survey offices.
Uses of Mouza Map
- Identification of land ownership and boundaries.
- Planning of construction and development works.
- Resolving land disputes.
- Preparation of layouts and site plans.
Importance for Draughtsman
A Draughtsman Civil uses mouza maps as a base reference for preparing site plans, layouts, and construction drawings. Understanding these maps helps in accurate representation of land features.
2. Compass Survey
Definition
Compass surveying is a method of surveying in which the direction of survey lines is measured using a magnetic compass, while distances are measured using a chain or tape.
Principle of Compass Survey
- Based on the magnetic meridian (north-south direction).
- Angles are measured in the form of bearings.
- Distances are measured by chaining.
Types of Compass
- Prismatic Compass: Used for accurate measurement of bearings.
- Surveyor’s Compass: Used for less precise work.
Types of Bearings
- Whole Circle Bearing (WCB): Measured clockwise from north (0° to 360°).
- Reduced Bearing (RB): Measured from north or south towards east or west.
Procedure of Compass Survey
- Select survey stations and mark them.
- Measure distances using chain or tape.
- Measure bearings using compass.
- Record data in field book.
- Plot the survey on drawing sheet.
Advantages of Compass Survey
- Simple and quick method.
- Suitable for large areas.
- Requires less equipment.
Disadvantages of Compass Survey
- Affected by magnetic disturbances.
- Less accurate compared to theodolite survey.
3. Difference Between Chain Survey and Compass Survey
| Chain Survey | Compass Survey |
|---|---|
| Only linear measurements are taken. | Both linear and angular measurements are taken. |
| Uses chain or tape only. | Uses compass along with chain. |
| Suitable for small areas. | Suitable for larger areas. |
Role of Draughtsman Civil
A Draughtsman Civil uses mouza maps for land reference and compass survey data for preparing accurate plans. Proper understanding of both helps in designing layouts and executing construction projects efficiently.
Conclusion
Mouza maps and compass surveying are important aspects of land surveying. Mouza maps help in understanding land boundaries, while compass survey helps in measuring directions and distances.
For ITI Draughtsman Civil students, knowledge of these topics is essential for accurate surveying, planning, and preparation of construction drawings.